The work focuses largely on contact between Africa and America towards the close of the Bronze Age (circa 948-680 BC) and the Mandingo-Songhay trading voyages (from early fourteenth to late fifteenth century). In this collective work Van Sertima is joined by half a dozen other colleagues.

Far more sophisticated analyses may now be presented of ancient African astronomy, map-making, scripts, navigation, trade routes, pyramidal structures, linguistic connections, technological and ritual complexes. In 1976, Ivan Van Sertima proposed that New World civilizations were strongly influenced by diffusion from Africa. In 1979, Van Sertima founded the Journal of African Civilizations, which he exclusively edited and published for decades. He became an Associate Professor of African Studies at Rutgers in the Department of Africana Studies. New stone heads have surfaced in recent excavations while a very old one with a seven-braided Ethiopian hairstyle has come out of a century of obscurity into sudden prominence. Van Sertima completed his master’s degree at Rutgers in 1977.

But since then many more sculptures have emerged from the earth or from the backrooms of private collections. Sixteen years have passed since They Came Before Columbus appeared, in which Van Sertima presented most of the facts that were then known about the links between Africa and America before Columbus. Moorish culture-bringers: bearers of enlightenment / Jan Carew - The music of the Moors in Spain (Al-Andalus, 711-1492 A.D.) origin of Andalusian musical art: its development and influence on Western culture / Yusef Ali - The Moors and Portugal's global expansion / Edward Scobie - Africans in the birth and expansion of Islam / Mamadou Chinyelu - Cairo: science academy of the Middle Ages / Beatrice Lumpkin and Siham Zitler - The Egyptian precursor to Greek and 'Arab' science / Ivan Van Sertima - An annotated bibliography of the Moors: 711-1492 A.D.Soft cover. Jackson - The African heritage & ethnohistory of the Moors: background to the emergence of early Berber and Arab peoples, from prehistory to the Islamic dynasties / Dana Reynolds - The Moor: light of Europe's Dark Age / Wayne Chandler - Moorish Spain: academic source and foundation for the rise and success of Western European universities in the Middle Ages / Jose V. 1,316 likes, 15 comments - Axsal: Keeper Of His People (omegaaxsal) on Instagram: ' real life, reading is an underrated skill. Brunson and Runoko Rashidi - The empire of the Moors / John G. The Moor in Africa and Europe: origins and definitions / Ivan Van Sertima - The Moor in Europe: influences and contributions / Ivan Van Sertima - The Moors in antiquity / James E. African-Guyanese historian Ivan Van Sertima, writing on the testimony of Emperor Kanku Musa recorded by the Arab Ibn Amir Hajib and transcribed by Al Omari in the 14 th century in Egypt.

Ivan sertima